Valve.



A. B. MOORHEAD.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APB..26. 1911.

1,020,922. Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. E. MOORHEAD.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED 1211.25, 1911.

1,020,922, Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w 14% 39m 1 MM 021 60 A. E. MOORHEAD.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.-25, 1911. 1,020,922. Patented Mar.19,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A. E. MOO-RHEAD.

VALVE.- APPLICATION FILED APR.25, 1911.

Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

5 BHEETS--SHEET 4.

Jwqzzfor gzwzz/ywm A. E. 'MOORHEAD.

VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.26, 1911.

Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

4 Jul/enfor- Qjai/E/YoW/m fiUZ/(Jb W UNITED STATES P TE T OFFIQE ALBERTE. MOORHEAD, or CHICAGO, rumors, assrcivon, BY MEsNEA ssIGNmENTs, TAMERICAN ROTARY VALVE COMPANY, or CHICAGO,- mmorsfia qortrona'r-roN OFILLINOIS.

VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 125, 1912 Original application filed October as, 1908,Serial No.-459,845. Divided-imam; application niea .11125, .7

1911. Serial No. 623,293..

To all eoho'm it may concern 2 Be itknown that I, ALBERT Moonnsam acitizen of the United States, and a'resident of the city of Chicago,county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Valves; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

. This invention relates to valve mecha-..

nism adapted for use in connection with a pump of engine having acylinder and a revation of-the rotative valve.

ciprocating-piston therein, and which embraces. arotative valve memberoperating to controlthe entrance of fiuid to and its exit fromtheiopp'osite ends of, the cylinder.

A-valve mechanism embodying my nven- ,tion is shown in the accompanyingdrawings as applied to the cylinder'of .a power-operated; air exhaustpump or compressor, but such mechanism is; applicable to pumps forotherpurposes, as well as to the power cylinders ofen 'nes or motors.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forthand pointedout in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure 1 is a side elevationof apower-operated pump embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal vertical section on anenlarged scale taken through the valve casin show-.

ifigthe rotative valve member in si e elevation. Fig. 4 is a central,longitudinal, horizontal section of the valve casing and rotative valvemember. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig.4.

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on the line 69-6 of Eig Fig. .7isa transverse vertical section on the--line-7-7-0f F ig. 4. Fig. 8 is aperspective. view of- ,the valve, detached from :other,gparts thepackinghar and rings rbeingaomitted Fig. 9'. i 's-' adetail-perspectivebars-'giFig. 10 is 'f-tcne-"of the afia side elerner'nbenwith a portionof the-sidewall of the same broken away .to showthe; interior--construction thereof, showing the packing rings and bars in section.

Referring to the drawing lhindicates a rectangular hollow-base,whichforms a sup-f" port for thepump, and in the case of'an airexhaustpump or compressor, may also form a receiver into which theairmaybe'compressed or from which the .air'may =be ex-' hausted. 2indicates a horizontal driving shaft mounted in bearings 3, 3, in thetop of; the

base 1, and by which the. pump. is driven. Said shaft is provided with abelt pulley 4 over which is trained a driving belt 5, byfwhlch the shaftis driven, 'and'also preferably with a fly-wheel 6; Saiddriving shaft" 2is provided with a crank 7, which actuates through the mediumofa'connectin rod 8 and a piston rod the pumppiston 9, Fig 4);.

which reciprocates in themaincylinder 10 i i of the pump. Said pump maybe used; as,

desired, either as an aircompressoi to de% liver air to the receiver, oras an air-exhaust pump to exhaust the air from the saidre ceiver,dependently upon the adjustment-of the controlling valve of the airpump. I

- Formed integral with the cylinder.10 is a.

part with anannular chamber 13,, connectingby a conduit 14: with theinterior of the receiver -1, and connected at its ends throu' h ports.17, 18,. with'the ends ofthe cylin er 10. Connected withone-end of thevalve casing, by an elbow 15, is a pipe'16 adapted to form either. aninlet-or exhaust passage, according to whether the pump is acting tocompress air into or exhaust air from the receivensaid pipe 16 being incommunication with the interior of the'valve casing through the adjacent open end thereof. The

lar water ackets 19, 19, 5 arranged to sur round its end portions, ,a'nd-a's' having a fixed cylindric bushing 20 formingithe bearingsurface-forthe valve-'12; sa bush ng nicating with the annularchamber'13, and

near its. ends with openings coinciding with the cylinder ports 17 and18. The ends of said valve casing, opposite that to which the valvecasin is-shown as'formed-with annu being provided centrally with aseries of ports'oropenings21,21, (Fig. 7), comm-u.-

and-11) of which lie in the same plane, but

- the intermediate portion of which is twisted through half a turn; saidweb being so formed that, when the valve is in the angular positionshown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, the terminal portions 25, 26 ofthe web are vertical, butits central portion is horizontal; and the webbeing twisted from said central portion in each direction outward, froma horizontal to a vertical position. The said web extends longitudinallyof the valve member'from end'to end thereof, and forms two longitudinalpassages therein, one on each side of the said web.

-The other end of the valve or that adjacent to the open end of thevalve casing with which is connected the inlet or outlet pipe 16,.isclosed on one side of the web 24 by an end wall 28, and is provided withan opening 29 at the other side of the web. Said opening 29 is always incommunication with the pipe 16.

Adjacent to the partly open end of the valve member there are formed inthe side wall thereof, on opposite sides of the web,

and diametrically opposite each other, two ports 30, 31, and, in likemanner, near the closed end of the valve member there are formed, onopposite sides of the web, two ports 32, 33. In its central part, thevalve member is provided in its side wall with what is practically asingle port 34, although the same is divided by a narrow, longitudinalbar or bridge 35. Said central port 34 is always open to the centralannular chamber, which latter is connected with the re ceiver by meansof the passage 14. The two end ports 30 and 33, at opposite sides andopposite ends of the valve member, are connected with each other andwith the central port 34, by the longitudinal passage at one side of theweb 24, while the end ports 31 and 32, at opposite sides and ends of thevalve member are connected with each other and with the end port 29 bymeans of the longitudinal passage at the other side of said web. Thevalve member 12 is given rotary motion through the medium of a rotativevalve-stem 36, rigidly attached thereto, and extending through one endof the valve easing. As shown in the drawings. said valve stem 36 isattached centrally to the end wall 23 of the valve member,'and passesthrough and is adapted to turn in the end wall or head 22 of the casing.Said valve stem 36 is provided, outside of said hgad 22 with a rigidlyattached hand-wheel 3 The devices employed to actuate the rotative valvemember 12.are so constructed that the same is given a half rotation witheach half stroke of the piston. In the position of the parts shown inFigs. 3 and 4, the pump is acting to exhaust air from the receiver andthe piston 9 has just completed its stroke toward the left and the valvemember has completed a half turn, by which the valve ports 30 and 32have been brought into communication with the cylinder ports 17 and 18,the central cylinder port 34 at this time being directed upwardly andabove the central, horizontal part of the web 24. The central valve port34 being always in communication with the central passage 13, and thesaid valve port 29 having constant communication with the pipe 16, itfollows that when the piston makes its stroke toward the right, air fromthe right-hand end of the cylinder will pass from the port 18 downwardlybeneath the horizontal central part of the web 24, and outwardly throughthe end port 29 to the pipe 16; the valve port 31 being at this timeclosed by the wall of the valve casing. At the same time, as thepistonmoves toward the right, air will bedrawn into the left-hand end ofthe cylinder from the receiver, throughthe passage 13, the central valveport 3-1, over the central horizontal part of the web 24 and throu h thevalve port 30 and cylinder port 17 the valve port 33 at this time beingclosed by the valve casing. When the piston completes its stroke towardthe right, the relative valve member will have made a half rotation fromthe position shown, and in the subsequent stroke of the piston towardthe left, air will be expelled from the left-hand end of the cylinderthrough the cylinder port 17, and passing through the valve port 31(which will then register with said port 17), will pass from said port-31 directly out through the end port 29; the port 32 at the opposite endand opposite side of the valve member being then closed by the valvecasin At the same time, the valve port 33 wil be in register with thecylinder port 18, and air will be drawn into the right-hand end of thecylinder, the air at this time passing from the receiver through thecentral port 34 (which will then be directed downwardly) and beneath thecentral part of the web 24 to the said port. 33.

If the valve member be given a half rotation, or reversed in positionrelatively to the actuatin" devices by which it is turned or driven, thepump will act as a compressor. Such reversal of the valve isaccomplished by disconnecting the valve-stem 36 from its actuatingdevices, giving it a half turn by the use of the hand-wheel 37, and thenagain connecting it with its said actuating devices. \Vhcn the valvemember is so reversed, the piston still being in the left hand end ofthe cylinder, movement of said piston toward the right will expel theair from the right hand end of the cylinder through the cylinder port 18and valve port 33, from which it will ass to the chamber 13 and thereceiver, whi e air will be drawn inwardly to the left hand end of thecylinder, fromthe pipe 16, through the end port 29 and valve port 31.Likewise, in the subsequent stroke of the piston toward the left, airwill be expelled from the-cylinder through the cylinder port 17 andvalve port 30, and, passing above the web 24, will pass to the receiverthrou h the central port 34 and chamber 13, while air will be drawn intothe right hand end of the cylinder, from the pipe 16, through the port29, beneath the central part of the web 24 and through the valve port32; the valve memberin this latter case being in the same position shownin Figs. 3 and 4, but the piston being at the right hand end of thecylinder and about to make or making its stroke toward the left.

From the above it will be seen that, by reason of the twisted form ofthe web 24, said web forms in effect two longitudinally extending,spiral passages in the valve member, one of which is in communicationwith an inlet or outlet passage at the end of the valve casing, and theother of which is in communication with an inlet or outlet assage at thecentral part of the valve casing, and that, by reason of the arrangementof the end valve ports, at opposite sides of the end portions of saidweb, the said central inlet or outlet passage is in constant connection, through one of said spiral passages, with two of said endports, as 30 and 33, which are located at opposite ends as Well as atopposite sides of the valve member, while the inlet or outlet passage atthe end of the valve casing is constantly in connection, through theother of said spiral passages, with the two other valve ports, as 31 and32, which are located, relatively to each other, at opposite endsandopposite sides of the valve member. 1

While the central ports 21, 21 of the valve casing are shown in thedrawings as so made as to form in effect an annular port extendingentirely around the valve chamber, so that the central valve port 34 isin communication with the chamber 13 in all positions of the valvemember, yet this particular construction is not essential, it onlybeingnecessary that said central ort 34 should be in communication withsai chamber 13, during-the time the end ports 30 and 32, in oneinstance. and the opposite end ports 31 and 33, in the otherinstance,are in I communication with the cylinder ports 17 and 18.

In the preferred wnstruct-i'on illustrated the valve actuating devicesare connected as follows: A miter-gear 41' is secured upon thetransverse driving shaft 2, and meshes with a miter-gear 42 upon alongitudinal shaft 43 arranged in alinement longitudinally with thevalve stem 36. Said shaft 43 is connected with the valve stem 36.throughthe interposition of a clutch 44 which permits the valve to be reversedin its relation to the shaft 43, in order to change the operation of thepump from an exhaust pump; to a compressor. Thesaid clutch 44 con-'parts that are adapted-to be; lnterlocked w1th each other in twodiametsists zof two rically reversed positions of one of them, and oneof which is movable in-a direction endwlse of the shaft 43. As -show'n,said clutch consists of two clutch-member's 4'5 and 46. Theclutch-member'45 iss'eeured to l the outer end of theva-lve stem 36andis provided on its end -i face-'with a transverse rib adapted toengagea transverse groove in the clutch member 46. The clutch member 46is mounted and adapted to, slide endwise, without rotation,on-thejsliaft 43i so that it maybe moved-0n thesaid'shaft' to ward andfrom the clutch'inmbef 45? 'A hand-lever 47 is pivoted oi1 a['fixed"si1pportand has a forked end, the ann's' of which engage an'annular groovein the clutch member 46, in a'familiar manner.".l Ylijenfit is desiredto reverse the operation 'ofthe valve,

'the clutch member 46 is actuated to'release the shaft 43 from the valvestem 36 andt-he latter is turned through half a revolution by means ofthe hand-wheel37' on t-lie'valve stem, and the parts of the" clutch areagain interlocked-so as to connect the valve stem with the shaft 43.

The passage from the valve'casing to the pipe 16 is cont-rolled by meansof an outwardly opening check-valve, embracing 'a valve disk 50 (Fig. 3)carried by a stem 51 and adapted to close against an annular seat 52,formed on' a flange 53 at the inner end of the elbow 15. Said stem 51slides in a fixed guide-sleeve 54 on the elbow 15. Upon the outer end ofsaid stem '51 is secured a piston 55, which slides in a cylin'- der 56formed'on the elbow 15. The inner end of said cylinder is provided witha restricted airopcni'ngor vent 5'7, s'oihat .the cylinder and pistonconstitute a dashpotadapted tocushion the valve disk in'its closingmovement. The inner end of said cylinder 56' is closed by an integralhead onwhich isfor'me'd the guide sleeve 54.

Said valve disk 5 0 .is pressed toward "its seat by means of'a helicalspring -58 interposed between the. said valve diskand the head of thecylinder 56. A disk-59, of felt or the like, surrounds the stemfiland isinterposed between the outer side'of the valve disk 7-0 and theinner endof the guide-sleeve 54 to cushion the impact of the --valve-disk-againsttheend of said guidesleeve in the outward movement of the said disk;v 7.7 v

In order to afford adjustment of the-vent 57, orivfor the purpose ofregulating the rate of flow at which theair passes through said vent,the latter is provided with a pivoted door 60. It is necessary to limitf theamount of air which is drawn into the -1might be too reat.

pump when-using it as a compressor, for

,if the full volume of air were drawn into the cylinder, the owerrequired to compress thejentire v ume of air so admitted In order to solimit the amount of air thus admitted, an adjustable connection isprovided between the valve stem and the piston 55, so that the parts maybe so adjusted that the closing mov'ement of the valve; disk will be ar-7 when the same is at a short distance from its seat For this purpose,"set-nuts In order toprovide packing means on the exterior of the valve12 to prevent the passage of air or other fluid between the bearingfaces of the valve casing and valve member, in such manner as to avoidleakage from oneto the other of the ports 30, 31, '32, 33, and 34, andfrom said ports to the ends of the valve casing, a construction isprovided as follows: In the surface of said valve member are formed fourcircumferential grooves, indicated by 65, 65, two of said grooves beinglocated adjacent the ends of said valve member exterior to the end portsand two of said grooves extendin between the central port 34 and thesaid en% ports. Within each of said ooves is located a packing ring 66,which is severed or split atone point to permit the same to expand intoclose contact with the inner surface of the V3.1"G casing. Said valvemember is also provided in its exterior surface with two longitudinallyextending grooves 67, 67, which are located midway between the end portsat each side of the valve member, and one extends over the bar or bridge35. In said longitudinal grooves 1 are seated packing bars 68 (Fig. 9),which v extend across the packing rings outside of .the same, so thatthe expansive action of said rings tends to press said bars against thecylindri inner surface of the valve casing. The rings 66 and bars 68 areprovided respectively with notches 69 and 70, at their intersectingpoints, the notches being interlocked with each other and the partsbeing so arranged that the outer surfaces of the bars are flush with theouter surfaces of the packing rings. The valve casing is shown asprovided with oil passages 62, 62, terminating in discharge openingslocated opposite or over the packing rings 66, 66. The packing rings,arranged as described, separate the surface of the shell longitudinallyinto three sections, while the packing bars divide said surfacecircumferentially into two sections. Moreover, the said packing ringsand bars not only serve to prevent leakage between the ports and at theends of the valve member, but the particular arrangement thereof bywhich the longitudinal bars extend over or outside ofthe rings has aspecial advantage that may be understood from the following: By reasonof the continued rotary motion of the valve member, if the packing ringsalone were used, the same, being pressed outward by their resiliency,would tend to wear grooves into the inner surface of the valve casing,but by reason of the presence of the longitudinal bars, the outersurfaces of said rings are always held flush with the outer surfaces ofsaid bars, and as the bars are pressed against and moved along the innersurface of said casing, they distribute the outward pressure produced bythe rings along the entire length of the cylindric bearing surface ofthe casing and thereby afford a uni-- form wear on all parts of saidbearing surace.

It is to be understood that a valve mechanism embracing the features ofconstruction hereinbefore set forth may be made in forms differing fromthat shown in the accompanying drawings, and I do not, there fore,desire to be limited to the specific structural forms and detailsillustrated in the accompanying drawings, exce t so far as the same maybe speci cally c aimed in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of a cylinder, a piston inthe said cylinder, a valve casing provided at its ends with portscommunicating with the opposite ends of the cylinder and with a centralport, a rotative valve member, and;

means for turning the valve memberf a half rotation at each stroke ofthe piston, said valve member being providedjat each offits v, I

ends with two lateral: ports located at oppo site sides thereof, andadapted for cemmu'm-T 1 cation with the cylinder ports in alternation?in the rotation of said valve member, in 'itscentral part with a lateralport adapted for communication with the central port of the valvecasing, and in at least one of its ends a central port, a rotative valvemember, and

means for turning the valve member a half rotation at each stroke of thepiston, said valve member consisting of a cylindric shell provided witha transverse web forming two longitudinal passages therein and alsoprovided at each of its ends with two lateral ports located one at eachside of the adjacent end of the web, and adapted for communication withtheir associated cylinder port in alternation in the rotation of thevalve member, each of said lateral ports being connected b one of saidlongitudinal passages with the l ateral port at the opposite end andside of the valve member, and said valve member having a central lateralport opening from one of said longitudinal passages and adapted forcommunication with the central port of the valve casing at times wheneither of the lateral end ports is in communication with its associatedcylinder port, and said valve member also having in at least one of itsends an end port opening from the other of said longitudinal passages.

3. The combination of acylinder, a piston in the said cylinder, a valvecasing provided at its ends with ports communicating with the oppositeends of the cylinder and with a central port, a rotative valve member,and means for turning the valve member a half rotation at each stroke ofthe piston, said valve member consisting of a cylindric shell providedwith a transverse longitudinal Web, the end portions of which are in thesame plane and the central portion of which is twisted a half turn so asto form two longitudinal, spiral passages in said valve member, andprovided also, at each of its ends, with two lateral ports located atopposite sides of the adjacent end of the web, each of said lateralports being connected by one of said spiral, longitudinal passages withthe lateral port at the opposite end and side of the valve member, andsaid valve member having a central lateral port opening from one of saidlongitudinal passages, and also having in at least one of its ends anend port opening from the other of said longitudinal passages.

-l-. The combination of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a valvecasing provided with a cylindric valve chamber and with two cylinderports each leading to one end of the cylinder, and having central andend passages each of which is to be brought by the action of the valvealternately into communication with each end of the cylinder, acylindric valve member in said chamber provided at each of its ends withtwo lateral ports adapted to be brought alternately into communicationwith the associated cylinder port by'the turning of the valve member,and with two longitudinal passages, each of which connects that one ofthe two lateral ports at one end of the valve member which, at any onetime, is in communication with its associated cylinder port, with thatone of the two lateral ports at the opposite end of the valve memberwhich is at the same time cut off from communication with its associatedcylinder port; one of said longitudinal passages having constantcommunication with the central passage of the valve casing and the otherof said longitudinal passages having constant communication with the endpassage of the valve casing, and means for turning said valve member tobring the two lateral ports at each end thereof alternately intocommunication with the cylinder port associated therewith.

5. The combination of a valve casing having a cylindric valve chamber, arotative cylindric valve member, circumferential packing ringssurrounding the valve member and packing bars extending longitudinallyof the valve member exterior to said packing rings.

6. The combination of a valve casing hav ing a cylindric valve chamber,a rotative cylindric valve member provided with circumferential andlongitudinal grooves, packing rings inserted in the circumferentialgrooves and parking bars inserted in said longitudinal grooves andcrossing the packing rings exterior to the latLer.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention l allix mysignature in the presence ol' two witnesses, this 18th day of \pl'll,

AliBER'l. E. MOORHEAD.

Vitncsses:

C. Cnnmxcn Poona, Gnonon R. \Vnucms.

